Scalar-reflexive rings II

Reflexive–EP elements in rings

We define and characterize reflexive–EP elements in rings, that is elements which commute with their image-kernel (p, q)-inverse.

Passive scalar mixing in vortex rings

Direct numerical simulation is used to study the mixing of a passive scalar by a vortex ring issuing from a nozzle into stationary fluid. The ‘formation number’ (Gharib et al. J. Fluid Mech. vol. 360, 1998, p. 121), is found to be 3.6. Simulations are performed for a range of stroke ratios (ratio of stroke length to nozzle exit diameter) encompassing the formation number, and the effect of stro...

On Smarandache Rings II

In this paper we show that a commutative semisimple ring is always a Smarandache ring. We will also give a necessary and sufficient condition for group algebra to be a Smarandache ring. Examples are provided for justification.

Generalized GCD Rings II

Greatest common divisors and least common multiples of quotients of elements of integral domains have been investigated by Lüneburg and further by Jäger. In this paper we extend these results to invertible fractional ideals. We also lift our earlier study of the greatest common divisor and least common multiple of finitely generated faithful multiplication ideals to finitely generated projectiv...

Characterizing Reduced Witt Rings Ii